GRAPPA 2021 offers domain-specific, evidence-based recommendations for PsA management. Therapeutic options, csDMARDs, bDMARDs (TNFi, IL-12/23i, IL-17i, IL-23i), JAKi, PDE4i are selected based on clinical phenotype, prior treatment response, comorbidities, and patient preference, targeting skin/nail psoriasis, peripheral/axial arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis, IBD, and uveitis.

This meta-analysis showed that stopping GLP-1 RAs leads to rapid weight regain, with baseline weight returning in <2 years (0.9 years for any GLP-1 RA, 1.7 years for newer ones). Regain averaged 0.7–0.8 kg/month, surpassing that seen after behavioral programs. By 1 year post-cessation, weight differences vs control disappeared. Findings stress the need for long-term obesity management plans.

A study conducted in Eastern India found that 24% of adults aged 40-74 years had moderate-to-high cardiovascular disease risk within 10 years. Key risk drivers included age (aOR 2.0), male gender (aOR: 16.0), lower income (aOR: 3.0), family history of hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease (aOR: 5.7), central obesity (aOR: 11.9), & tobacco use (aOR: 8.2). Regular physical activity protected against this risk.

The TB-CHAMP trial found that 20.4% of children under five exposed to adults with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) tested positive for TB infection. Key risk factors for infection included the child’s age, prolonged duration of cough, drug misuse by adult patients, and close caregiver relationships. Findings emphasize targeted preventive strategies for young children exposed to high-risk adults.

New research found that metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affected 16.8% of type 1 diabetes patients. Furthermore, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was prevalent in 18.9% MASLD patients (aOR: 4.26). The incidence of coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, & stroke was also higher in MASLD patients. The MASLD group also exhibited a high 5- & 10-year ASCVD risk.

According to NHANES analysis of 4,400 adults, a higher atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was associated with increased mortality risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Elevated AIP doubled the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 2.03) and increased cardiovascular mortality risk by 60% (SHR: 1.60). These associations remained strong even after adjusting for demographics and comorbidities.